Science calculator

Ideal gas law.

Solve pressure, volume, amount of substance or temperature from PV = nRT. Enter three values and leave one blank.

Volume VSolved
ideal-gas equilibrium state
Molar volume V/n
PV=nRT

Assumptions

  • An ideal gas in a single equilibrium state, with negligible molecular volume and intermolecular forces.
  • Pressure is absolute rather than gauge pressure, and temperature is converted to kelvin internally.
  • The gas amount is in moles and R = 8.31446261815324 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹.
  • Real gases depart from this model most strongly at high pressure and low temperature, especially near condensation.

How it works

The ideal gas law connects four properties of an equilibrium gas sample. If three are known, algebra fixes the fourth.

Temperature must be absolute because zero kelvin is the physical zero of thermal energy in this model. The calculator accepts Celsius but converts it before calculation.

Leave one field blank to solve it. Use an equation of state with a compressibility factor when real-gas behaviour matters.