Science calculator
Specific and latent heat.
Choose heating or a change of state, enter the values you know and leave one blank. The calculator solves Q = mcΔT or Q = mL.
- Q thermal energy transferred · m mass · c specific heat capacity · ΔT temperature change · L specific latent heat
Assumptions
- Specific heat capacity is constant over the temperature interval.
- All stated energy is transferred to or from the sample; losses to surroundings and containers are neglected.
- No change of state occurs during Q = mcΔT, and temperature stays constant during Q = mL.
- Mass, c and L are positive. A negative ΔT represents cooling and gives a negative Q under the signed convention.
How it works
Specific heat capacity is the energy needed per kilogram for a one-kelvin temperature rise. Multiplying m, c and ΔT gives the sample's thermal energy change.
During melting, boiling or another change of state, energy changes the arrangement of particles rather than temperature. The energy magnitude is mass times the relevant specific latent heat.
Leave one box blank to rearrange the selected equation. Temperature differences have the same numerical size in °C and K; all other units are converted to SI before calculation.
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